Food Expiry Dates Explained: When to Toss vs Keep

Confusion about expiration dates causes Americans to throw away $29 billion in perfectly good food every year.

The Three Date Types

Best By (or Best Before)

What it means: Quality date—food is at peak freshness until this date. Is it safe after?: Usually yes, for days to weeks depending on the food.

Sell By

What it means: Store inventory date—tells the store when to rotate stock. Is it safe after?: Yes, this isn't for consumers. Food is typically good for days after.

Use By

What it means: Safety date—this is the one to pay attention to. Is it safe after?: For meat and dairy, be cautious. For shelf-stable items, often still fine.

Food-by-Food Guide

Eggs

Sell by + 3-5 weeks = Still safe

Float test: If it sinks, it's fresh. If it floats, toss it.

Milk

Best by + 5-7 days = Usually fine if refrigerated properly

Trust your nose

Bread

Best by + 5-7 days = Fine if no mold

Can freeze for 3+ months

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